I-Las Izithombe zokuqala zoMhlaba ezithathwe yi-Artemis II mission Sezivele zihamba emhlabeni wonke. Ngenkathi i-Orion spacecraft iqhubeka nokundiza kwayo kokuhlola ukuya enyangeni, i-NASA ikhiphe izithombe eziningana ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezibonisa iplanethi yethu ngombono ongakaze ubonwe endizeni enabasebenzi kusukela ohlelweni lwe-Apollo.
Lezi zithombe-skrini zibonisa Umhlaba njengembulunga ekhanyisiwe phakathi kobumnyamaenamazwekazi achazwe kahle, izenzakalo ezimangalisayo zomkhathi, kanye nomehluko phakathi kwezinhlangothi zeplanethi zasemini nasebusuku. Phakathi kwezinto ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu kukhona ukuba khona kweNhlonhlo yase-Iberia kanye nengxenye enkulu yeYurophu ngaphansi kokukhanya kweNyanga, kanye ne-aurora eluhlaza edlula emkhathini.
Iplanethi yonke ibonwa ngefasitela lika-Orion
Enye yezithombe ezikhulunywa kakhulu ngazo Umhlaba wonke, ukhanyiswa yimibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nensunduIsithombe, esithathwe kwelinye lamafasitela e-Orion capsule ngemuva kokuba indizamkhathi iqede ukunyakaza kokushintshashintsha kwesimo sezulu, sibonisa ukukhushulwa kokugcina okwaqhubela abasebenzi endleleni yabo eya eNyangeni. Lokhu kusha kwenjini, okwenziwe ngemuva kokuba umsebenzi usuvele ushiye umjikelezo ophansi woMhlaba, kwaba ukusunduza okuqondile okwabeka abasebenzi endleleni eya eNyangeni.
Ziyabonakala ngokucacile esithombeni. I-Afrika neYurophu, kanye neNhlonhlo yase-Iberia etholakala engxenyeni engezansi kwesobunxele yomhlabaimbozwe amafu amhlophe ajikelezayo. I-NASA igcizelele ukuthi ama-aurora amabili nawo ayabonakala, phezulu kwesokudla nangaphansi kwesobunxele seplanethi, kanye nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukukhanya kwe-zodiac, ukukhanya okusabalalayo okukhiqizwa uthuli oluphakathi kwamaplanethi olubonisa ukukhanya kwelanga lapho uMhlaba ungena phakathi futhi usibekela inkanyezi.
Nakuba iplanethi yakha ingxenye kuphela yokwakheka, i-ejensi yasemkhathini igcizelele ukuthi "Kuyinto ekhanya kakhulu esithombeni."Ingxenye esele yohlaka ibuswa ubumnyama besikhala kanye nohlaka lwefasitela le-capsule, olugcwele izikulufo kanye nezinto zokwakha ezisikhumbuza ukuthi lesi sigameko sithathwe ngaphakathi kwendiza.
I-NASA ihambisane nokukhishwa kwalezi zithombe nemiyalezo ehlose ukugcizelela ubunjalo bomsebenzi ohlangene. Kwenye yazo, le nhlangano ithi “Sibona iplanethi yethu yasekhaya iyonke, ikhanyiswa imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nensundu emangalisayo, kanye ne-aurora eluhlaza ekhanya emoyeni”futhi wengeza ukucabanga okuqondiswe emphakathini womhlaba wonke: “Yithi, ndawonye, esibuka uhambo lwabashayeli bezindiza bethu oluya eNyangeni.”
UReid Wiseman kanye nethimba labo bebheke eMhlabeni
Izithombe bezilokhu bathunjwa ngumkhuzi ka-Artemis II, uReid WisemanEsebenzisa idivayisi yakhe siqu—ithebhulethi efakwe ikhamera—evela emafasiteleni e-Orion, uWiseman, unjiniyela kanye nomshayeli wendiza osebenze isikhathi eside e-U.S. Navy, wayeke wandiza waya e-International Space Station njengonjiniyela wezindiza ku-Expedition 41, kodwa wayengakaze athathe izithombe zoMhlaba usuka endleleni eya eNyangeni.
Kulokhu uhola iqembu elenziwe UChristina Koch, uVictor Glover noJeremy HansenLesi sakamuva singese-Canadian Space Agency. Abashayeli bezindiza abane okwamanje benza uhambo lokuqala lokundiza oluqhutshwa abasebenzi be-Artemis bezungeza iNyanga, umsebenzi wezinsuku eziyishumi ozosebenza ukuqinisekisa izinhlelo ze-Orion capsule ngaphansi kwezimo zangempela ngaphambi kokufika enyangeni esikhathini esizayo.
Ngesikhathi kusakazwa bukhoma neJohnson Space Center eHouston, uWiseman uchaze ukuthi, ngemva kokushintsha indlela indizamkhathi ebheka ngayo njengoba iLanga lishona ngemuva koMhlaba, bakwazile ukwenza kanjalo. bheka “umhlaba wonke, kusukela endundumeni kuya endundumeni”ne-Afrika, iYurophu, kanye ne-aurora ebonakala ngokucacile enyakatho yezwe. “Kwakuyisikhathi esimangalisayo esashiya thina sobane singenamazwi,” evuma.
Uchwepheshe wemishini Christina Koch Wazama futhi ukuchaza lokho ababekubona ngamafasitela. Walandisa ukuthi, ngemva kokuchitha imizuzu eminingana becindezele ingilazi, babuka uMhlaba. “Kukhanyiswe sengathi kusemini futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhanyiswe ukukhanya kweNyanga ebusuku, ngokukhanya okuhle kokushona kwelanga”KuKoch, ukwazi ukuthi maduze bazobona imibono efanayo ebusweni benyanga kwandisa isisindo sohambo ngokomzwelo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, UJeremy Hansen Uvumile ukuthi ithimba lihlehlise ngisho nokudla kwalo kokuqala ndawonye esibhakabhakeni ngoba Babengakwazi ukusuka efasiteleni“Sinombono omuhle wohlangothi olumnyama loMhlaba olukhanyiswa yiNyanga. Kuyamangalisa. Akekho kithi ongadla isidlo sasemini ngoba sinamathele efasiteleni, sithatha izithombe,” echaza, ehleka. Lezi zindaba zihlanganisa nokukhathazeka kukaWiseman ngokungcola okuqongelelekayo emafasiteleni, kuze kube seqophelweni lokubuza abaqondisi bomhlaba mayelana nenqubo efanele yokuhlanza.
IYurophu kanye neNhlonhlo yase-Iberia zithatha indawo ephambili ezithombeni
Ingxenye ebalulekile yomthelela walezi zithombe eSpain nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu ibangelwa iqiniso lokuthi I-Iberian Peninsula kanye neNtshonalanga Yurophu zibonakala kahle kwezinye zezithombe. Kwenye yazo, ibhendi yasebusuku yeplanethi iveza inethiwekhi yezibani zedolobha, ogwini lwaseMedithera kanye nengaphakathi lenhlonhlo kuphawulwe ukukhanya okubonisa imisebenzi yabantu.
I-NASA ikhombisile ukuthi inhlanganisela yokukhanya kwenyanga, ukugoba koMhlaba, kanye nokuvezwa isikhathi eside kwamakhamera Lokhu kuye kwavumela ososayensi ukuthi babambe imininingwane engavamile ukubonwa kulolu hlobo lwezithombe zasemkhathini. Ngaphezu kokukhanya kwezindawo zasemadolobheni, ama-aurora aluhlaza aphezulu esibhakabhakeni kanye nebhande lokukhanya le-zodiac elincane, eliwela esibhakabhakeni njengothuli olukhanyayo olukhiqizwa uthuli oluphakathi kwamaplanethi, kubonakala kahle.
Lezi zithombe azizange zibonwe umphakathi wesayensi waseYurophu. Kusuka ku-European Space Agency (ESA), usomkhathi waseSpain Paul Alvarez Uphendule ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, ekhomba ukuthi, esithombeni, “Sonke saphuma", ebhekisela eqinisweni lokuthi cishe sonke isintu sitholakala kulowo mhlaba omncane olengiswe ebumnyameni, ngaphandle kwabashayeli bezindiza abane abaye kude ngokwanele ukubona ukuthi ikhaya lethu libukeka lincane kangakanani uma usuka emakhilomitha angamakhulu ezinkulungwane.
Ngale kwengxenye engokomfanekiso, le mibono ivumela abacwaningi baseYurophu ukuthi batadishe izenzakalo ezifana nama-aurora nokukhanya komoya Kusukela ekhoneni elingavamile. Umehluko phakathi kwemini nobusuku, ophawulwe ngokucacile kwezinye zezithombe, unikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokusatshalaliswa kokukhanya okwenziwa kanye nezimo zezulu ezinkulu, idatha engabhekiswa ngokubuka kwesathelayithi ukuthuthukisa amamodeli okungcoliswa kwesimo sezulu nokukhanya.
Ingqophamlando ebonakalayo ekuhloleni isikhala esinabantu
Ukushicilelwa kwalezi zithombe zokuqala zoMhlaba ezivela ku-Artemis II kuye kwaqhathaniswa, cishe ngokungenakugwenywa, ne- izithombe ezidumile njengalezo ezithathwe yimishini ka-ApolloNgawo-1960 kanye nawo-1970, izithombe ezifana ne-"Earthrise" (ukuphuma kwelanga eMhlabeni okubonakala eNyangeni) noma i-"The Blue Marble" edumile yasiza ekushintsheni umbono wesintu ngeplanethi yaso, yavuselela ukunyakaza kwemvelo futhi yaqinisa umbono womhlaba ohlanganyelwe.
Ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi amahlanu, isithombe esisha esigcwele soMhlaba esithathwe emjikelezweni wokudluliselwa kwenyanga sifika esimweni sobuchwepheshe esihluke kakhulu, kanye amakhamera edijithali azwela kakhulu anokudluliselwa okusheshayo kusukela ezithombeni kuya ezigidini zabantu. Kodwa-ke, umphumela wengqondo ochazwe osomkhathi—obizwa ngokuthi “umphumela wombono” noma Uhlolojikelele umphumela– ihlala ifana kakhulu: umuzwa wobuthakathaka, ukuxhumana kanye nobuncane uma ubhekene nobukhulu bendawo.
I-NASA ichaze ukuthi izithombe ezahlukene zithathwe nge izikhathi ezahlukene zokuchayeka ukuze kuqokonyiswe izici ezithile kweplanethi. Kwenye yazo, isivinini esifushane se-shutter sifihla ingxenye yendawo, kodwa sigqamisa izibani zikagesi zamadolobha kanye nohlaka lomkhathi. Kwenye, ukuvezwa isikhathi eside kubamba idiski yoMhlaba wonke kanye nezinkanyezi zangemuva kanye nokukhanya kokukhanya kwe-zodiac.
Ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, izithombe ziphinde zisebenze ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo ze-Orion zokubona, isiqondiso, kanye nokusekela impiloIkhono lomkhumbi-mkhathi lokugcina isimo sengqondo esizinzile ngenkathi abasebenzi benza ukubuka okubonakalayo nokuqopha kuyisibonakaliso esibalulekile semisebenzi yesikhathi esizayo ezodinga ukuzulazula okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu eNyangeni.
I-ejensi yase-US ihlela ukukhishwa kwalezi zithombe ngaphakathi kwesu elibanzi lokusebenzisa ukuletha ukuhlola isikhala eduze komphakathiNgezinkundla zokuxhumana, ukusakazwa bukhoma, kanye nokuqukethwe kwezemfundo, inhloso iwukuba umphakathi uzizwe uyingxenye yohambo futhi ubone ukubaluleka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe besinyathelo ngasinye esithathwe ukuya esathelayithi yemvelo, futhi esikhathini esizayo esikude, ukuya eMars.
U-Artemis II: ukuzijwayeza ukugqoka ukuze kubuyelwe eNyangeni
I-Artemis II yethulwe kusukela Kennedy Space Center, eFloridakanye nosomkhathi abane abasemkhunjini kanye nomgomo wokufeza uhambo lwezinsuku ezingaba yi-10 okuhlanganisa ukundiza kolunye uhlangothi lweNyanga kanye nokubuyela eMhlabeni okulandelayo, kanye nokuwa okuhleliwe oLwandlekazi iPacific ogwini lwaseSan Diego.
Umsebenzi ucatshangwa njengo indawo enkulu yokuhlola izinhlelo ze-Orion spacecraft kanye ne-SLS rocket (Uhlelo Lokuqalisa Emkhathini). Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokundiza, i-capsule isiqede indlela yokuphunyuka emkhathini woMhlaba kanye nokufakwa kwe-translunar ngaphandle kwezehlakalo eziphawulekayo, izibeka endaweni ejikelezayo e-elliptical kakhulu eyithatha amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-400.000 ukusuka eplanethini yethu. Lo mzila uzoyithatha ngisho nangaphezu kwebanga elifinyelelwe yimisebenzi yomlando efana ne-Apollo 13.
Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe, iqembu lenza imisebenzi yokubuka kanye nokubhala izithombe kusukela eMhlabeni naseNyangeni, ukuze kuqoqwe idatha ngokukhanya, amazinga okushisa, imisebe, kanye nokuziphatha kwendizamkhathi ezindaweni ezahlukene endleleni yayo. Lokhu kulinganisa kuzobaluleka ekuhleleni i-Artemis III, umsebenzi ohlose ukubuyisela osomkhathi ebusweni benyanga.
Ngesikhathi sokuxhumana neHouston, UVictor GloverUmshayeli wendiza yomkhankaso wayefuna ukuthumela umlayezo onethoni yobuntu lapho ekhuluma ngemibono yoMhlaba odlula ngefasitela. Ebheka iplanethi, wathi, kusukela kulelo banga, "Sonke singabantu ababodwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sivelaphi noma ukuthi sibukeka kanjani"Ubhekisele esintwini njengohlobo olulodwa oluhlala ekhaya elifanayo. Lawa magama anezela emasikweni amade okuzindla kwabasemkhathini, abacabanga ngoMhlaba besemkhathini, bagxila kulokho okusihlanganisayo kunakulokho okusihlukanisayo.
Lo msebenzi ubuye ube nengxenye ye ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe okufanelekile eYurophuI-ESA ihlanganyela ohlelweni lwe-Artemis nge-Orion European Service Module, ingxenye ebalulekile yendizamkhathi ehlinzeka ngokuqhutshwa, amandla kagesi, umoya, namanzi ku-capsule yabasebenzi. Ukusebenza kwale module ku-Artemis II kuzoba yisihluthulelo sokuhlanganisa umnikelo weYurophu ekubuyeni eNyangeni kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlola isikhala ezijulile zesikhathi esizayo.
Njengoba indizamkhathi iqhubeka nohambo lwayo, kulindeleke ukuthi i-NASA yabelane ngezithombe ezintsha, okuhlanganisa nezithombe ezinezinqumo eziphakeme zendizamkhathi. uhlangothi olude lweNyangaLesi sifunda asikaze sibonwe ngqo ngabantu ngesikhathi somsebenzi oqhutshwa ngabasebenzi. Uma konke kuhamba ngokwecebo, u-Artemis II uzophawula inguquko ekushintsheni kusukela ekuhlolweni kwenyanga okungahleliwe kwenkathi ye-Apollo kuya ekubeni khona okuhlala isikhathi eside okuzungeze iNyanga.
Lokho lezi zithombe zokuqala zoMhlaba esezivele zembule kuyinhlanganisela umsebenzi wobuchwepheshe kanye nombono womuntuKusukela esibhakabhakeni sihamba ngesivinini siya eNyangeni, abantu abane babona ichashazi elincane eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka elimbozwe izibani nama-aurora, kuyilapho izigidi zamehlo eMhlabeni zibuka lezo zithombe ezifanayo ezikrinini nakumadivayisi. Lokhu kuhlangana kwamehlo ahlanganayo, neNhlonhlo yase-Iberia, iYurophu, i-Afrika, kanye nayo yonke iplanethi kuhlanganiswe kwaba yimbulunga eyodwa ekhazimulayo, kufingqa umoya ka-Artemis II: umsebenzi wokuhlola, ngale kwezinombolo kanye nokunyakaza, okusikhumbuza ukuthi konke okwenzeka esibhakabhakeni kuxhumene kangakanani nokuphila kwansuku zonke lapha eMhlabeni.