Ingcindezi yesimo sezulu, imithetho emisha, kanye nomthengi okhulayo odinga kakhulu kubeke ukugqama umklamo wokupakisha osimemeAkusanele ukuthi ukupakisha kube kuhle: kufanele kuvikele, kwandise izinsiza futhi kuvale iluphu ekupheleni kwempilo yakhona ewusizo ngaphandle kokushiya intaba yemfucuza ngemuva kwayo.
Ezinkathini zakamuva zonyaka, intshisekelo ku- ecodesignFuthi lokhu akukhona ukuqondana nje: ngokwezifundo zomkhakha, ingxenye enkulu yomphakathi imemezela lokho uzibophezele ezindleleni zokuphila ezisimemeLokhu kwenze izinkampani eziningi ukuthi zicabange kabusha izinto zazo, izinqubo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo. Sizobhekisisa kahle ukuthi kuyini ukupakisha okuzinzile, ukuklama kanjani, yiziphi izinto ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, yiziphi iziqondiso ezidingekayo, futhi sizobona izibonelo ezikhuthazayo asebeyilungisile indlela.
Kungani kubalulekile: umongo, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nomthetho
Njengoba ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kuhamba phambili kanye nenani labantu elikhulayo, umthelela wemvelo wokupakisha usuyinkinga ebalulekile. i-ajenda yohulumeni, imikhiqizo kanye nezakhamiziLokhu kushintsha kwamasiko kuhumusha izinqumo zokuthenga: abathengi abaningi ngokwengeziwe bakhetha izinketho ezinonyawo oluncane.
Impendulo yebhizinisi icacile: ukupakishwa okusebenziseka kabusha, okuvundisiwe, noma okusebenziseka kabusha kanye nepulasitiki engenazinkinga. Ezimakethe ezifana ne-UK, lokhu kuqiniswe ngezinyathelo zentela ezifana ne-Plastic Packaging Tax (PPT), ekhokhisa intela. £200 ngethani Ukupakisha ngezinto ezigaywe kabusha ezingaphansi kuka-30% akuvunyelwe, futhi ukubhaliswa kuyadingeka kulabo abenza noma abangenisa amathani ayi-10 noma ngaphezulu ngonyaka. Lezi zinhlobo zezinyathelo zisheshisa uguquko, zinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki asetshenziswa kanye kanye nokukhuthaza okunye okugaywe kabusha noma okusekelwe ku-bio.
Kuyini ukupakisha okusimeme ngempela?
I-Sustainable Packaging Alliance ifingqa inhloso ngezinsika ezine okufanele kuhlangatshezwane nazo ngendlela elinganayo futhi ngaphandle kwezinqamuleli. Ukupakisha okusimeme kufanele kube esebenzayo, ephumelelayo, ejikelezayo futhi ephephilehhayi kuphela elabhorethri, kodwa ngaphansi kwezimo zangempela zemakethe.
- KuyaphumelelaIvikela umkhiqizo futhi ivumele ukuphathwa kwawo, ukugcinwa kwawo kanye nokuthuthwa kwawo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa noma ukuphuka okukhiqiza imfucuza eyengeziwe.
- IyasebenzaGwema ukupakisha ngokweqile, izinto ezingadingekile, nezinqubo ezingenasidingo; sebenzisa kuphela lokho okudingeka ngempela.
- IbhayisikiliIdizayinelwe ukuphinda isetshenziswe, igaywe kabusha, noma yenze umquba, izinto ezibekwa phambili neziyinki ezihambisana ne umnotho oyindilinga.
- Yebo: ayifaki engozini impilo yomuntu noma indawo ezungezile kuwo wonke umjikelezo wayo wokuphila, okuhlanganisa ukuphela kwayo kokuphila.
Idizayini esebenzayo: iqinile noma i-ephemeral kuye ngempilo yomkhiqizo
Ukupakisha okuhle kungaphezu kwakho konke esebenzayo futhi ethembekile ngokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo. Ezintweni ezintekenteke noma ezihlala isikhathi eside, kunconywa isitsha esiqinile, esiqinile, futhi uma kungenzeka, esinesitsha esiqinile. ukusetshenziswa kwesibili ukunweba ukusetshenziswa kwayo nokuyivimbela ukuthi igcine ingena kudoti ngesikhathi sokuqala.
Ngemikhiqizo yomjikelezo omfushane, indlela enengqondo ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwempahla, ukuthanda izakhiwo ezilula, nokukhetha ongakhetha kukho. i-compostable noma i-biodegradableukuthi babuyele emvelweni ngaphandle kokushiya umkhondo.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo kumele kuphendule imibuzo ebalulekile: Itholakala kanjani impahla? Kuzoba isikhathi esingakanani emakethe? Kuzokwenzekani uma isiba yimfucuza, futhi umsebenzisi uzoyilahla kanjani? Le mibuzo iqondisa izinqumo ze-ecodesign yangempela futhi ivimbele izinkinga. ukushisa okuhlaza okotshani.
Kukhona izinto ezithakazelisayo ezingaboli ngaso sonke isikhathi kodwa ezisanikeza inani uma ziphathwa ngendlela efanele. Isibonelo esiwumfanekiso... i-polyethylene esekelwe ku-bioIkhiqizwa kusetshenziswa imithombo evuselelekayo esikhundleni se-petroleum; ayivundisi, kodwa iyakwazi ukugaywa kabusha futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, okuthi ekusetshenzisweni okuthile kube inketho elinganiselayo kakhulu.
Izinto ezisimeme: izindlela ezisetshenziswe kabusha, ezisekelwe ku-bio kanye nezinye zangempela
Ububanzi bezinketho bunwetshiwe ngenxa yokusungula izinto ezintsha. Namuhla sibona ama-bioplastics ahlanganiswayo, ama-polymer asetshenziswe kabusha njenge-R-PET, amaphepha aqinisekisiwe namakhadibhodi, nezixazululo ezisekelwe esitshalweni. Ukhiye ukufanisa into ngayinye nokusetshenziswa kwayo okuhlosiwe. isicelo esithileUngakhethi ngokusekelwe kumfashini.
Ikhadibhodi nephepha. Ziyonga, ziyahlukahluka, futhi zinesistimu yokugaywa kabusha esungulwe kabanzi. Ikhadibhodi likathayela lisekela isisindo kahle futhi limelana nemithelela; ibhokisi elilula lingaba kakhulu i-biodegradablefuthi okuqukethwe kabusha kusiza ukunciphisa isidingo se-virgin fiber.
I-Bioplastics. Izinto ezifana ne-PLA (ephuma kusiitashi sombila), isitashi samazambane, noma okuxutshwe noqalo kunikeza ukusebenza okufanayo kwepulasitiki yendabuko, kodwa ngezindlela ezihlukene zokugaywa kabusha. ukwenza umquba wezimboni noma wasekhaya kuye ngokwakhiwa. Akuwona wonke ama-bioplastics afanayo, futhi awanayo yonke ingqalasizinda efanayo yokuphela kwempilo.
Ingilazi. Ekudleni nasezimonyoni, ingumfelandawonye ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle zokuthibela kanye nayo ukugaywa kabusha okubanziIyancibilika futhi ibe ukupakisha futhi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ikhwalithi, nomjikelezo ongaba namandla angenamkhawulo uma iphethwe kahle.
Izinto ezigaywe kabusha zangemuva komthengi. Ama-polymer asetshenziswe kabusha njenge-PET noma i-PP avumela ukufakwa kokuqukethwe okutholiwe kwekhwalithi eyanele ukuze kuphinde kufakwe ohlelweni. Abanye abakhiqizi banezela izithasiselo zokuthuthukisa Ukubonwa kwe-NIR ekuhlungeni izitshalo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi okokusebenza kungena kabusha emfudlaneni wokugaya kabusha.
Ungakwenza kanjani ukupakisha kwakho ukuthi kusimame
Izinto ezifanele. Beka kuqala ama-substrates afinyeleleka kalula. kabusha emakethe yakho (iphepha, amakhadibhodi, ingilazi, i-aluminiyamu, amapulasitiki athile enziwe into eyodwa) noma izinto ezivundisiwe lapho kunesizathu nokuphathwa khona.
Idizayini yokusebenzisa kabusha. Dala amafomethi umsebenzisi angawenza sebenzisa futhi noma gcwalisa kabusha (amakesi e-modular, ukuvalwa okuhlala isikhathi eside, iziqukathi ezibuyiswayo). Ukusetshenziswa kabusha kokudala nakho kuyasebenza: izikhwama eziba ama-hangers noma amabhokisi aba abahleli.
Yehlisa ivolumu nesisindo. Lungiselela ukulingana komkhiqizo ukuze unciphise izikhala, ugweme izigcwalisi ezingadingekile, futhi usike. ukungcola kwezokuthuthaUkulinganisa ngendlela efanele kunciphisa kokubili izindleko zokuhlela kanye nokumosha.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokupakisha: ukusebenza kahle kanye nokunyathelisa okuncane
Ukwenza ngcono kuhilela ukuklama kabusha ukupakisha kanye nezinqubo ngokusebenzisa i-leveraging ama-mockups mahhala ukuze babe baningi esimeme, eyongayo futhi ephumelelayoNgokwesiko, yayifuna ukonga izindleko ochungechungeni lokunikezela; namuhla, iphinde ihlose ukunciphisa i-carbon footprint yayo.
Izenzo ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa ukunciphisa osayizi, ukushintshela ezintweni ezigaywa kabusha ezigaywa kabusha, ukwenza ama-inki abe lula kanye nokuqeda, kanye nokuklama kabusha ukusetshenziswa kwesibiliUmphumela uba ukumosha okuncane, imithwalo yemikhumbi elula, kanye nombono ongcono womkhiqizo.
Izintela namalever okulawula: icala le-PPT e-United Kingdom
Izinqubomgomo zomphakathi zisheshisa ushintsho. E-United Kingdom, kusukela ngo-Ephreli 1, 2022, amaphakheji epulasitiki anokuqukethwe okugaywe kabusha okungaphansi kuka-30% kukhokhwe. £200/tonLabo abenza noma abangenisa amathani ayi-10 noma ngaphezulu ezinyangeni eziyi-12 kufanele babhalise futhi bathobele.
Ngaphandle kokuqongelela imali, umgomo ucacile: qeda ipulasitiki yezintombi ukusetshenziswa kanyekanye kanye nokuphromotha okugaywe kabusha nokunye. Kuyisisusa esengeziwe sokubeka phambili i-eco-design namasistimu ngaphandle kwamapulasitiki ayinkinga noma nini lapho kungenzeka.
Umhlahlandlela osheshayo wokukhetha ukupakisha okusimeme okulungile
Izici zokuhlela. Chaza ukuthi izothuthwa, igcinwe, futhi iboniswe kanjani: Ingabe kufanele istakwe? walengiswa? wema waqonda? Ingabe idinga... iwindi esobalaIngasekela siphi isisindo? Lolu hlu lunquma isakhiwo kanye nempahla.
Ukulondolozwa kanye nempilo yeshalofu. Ingabe umkhiqizo unamafutha? Ingabe izwela umoya-mpilo noma umswakama? Ingabe idinga umgoqo wephunga? Ingabe iyadinga ukungangeni moyaNquma ukuthi izingqimba zokuvimbela ziyadingeka yini futhi ubheke ezinye izindlela ezigaywa kabusha/ezihlanganisekayo ezinomsebenzi olungile nje.
Ukumelana. Ihlola ukushuba, ukuguquguquka, nokumelana nokubhoboza: akekho ofuna ukubamba lelo khefu noma ama-spikes abhoboza ikesi. amandla mechanical Ithonya ukushuba nokukhethwa kwe-substrate.
Umbala nokuma. Ukupakishwa kufanele kube nomthelela ekuthengisweni nakumkhiqizo; cabanga ukusetshenziswa kwe imibala eluhlazaCabanga ukuthi udinga amajika, ama-pleats, ama-flap, ama-tamper-proof seals noma amafasitela. Idinga ukuphrinta okuhle ngoyinki abahambisana nokugaywa kabusha.
Izindleko. Cabangela ukugijima kokuphrinta, usayizi, isisindo, ukuphrinta, nezici ezikhethekile. Ngokuvamile umehluko wamanani uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela ezingezona ezisimeme mncane, futhi kwezinye izimo, ukupakishwa okusimeme kungabiza kakhulu. ngisho eshibhile sibonga ukwenza kahle.
Izindaba ezikhuthazayo ezikhombisa indlela
I-Bee Loop Honey Pot. Imbiza yoju eyenziwe Inyosi emhlophe okubuyisela umkhiqizo esimweni sawo semvelo. Iyadliwa, ayinabo ubuthi, futhi, uma ibuyiselwa kumfuyi wezinyosi, ingaphinde ihlanganiswe emjikelezweni wesidleke. Awekho amalebula: uhlobo lusetshenziswa ukushisa.
CHATU — Itiye elilungele imvelo. Umklamo ovusa i- imibhede yetiye Emoyeni. Ingaphandle lenziwe nge-pulp ebunjiwe edayiwe ngemibala yemvelo futhi ngaphakathi kwetiye kubekwe izikhwama zikakotini ezinezendlalelo ezimbili, eziphefumulayo neziphinde zisetshenziswe kabusha.
MOB Nobuhle. Izimonyo ezinamaphakeji epulasitiki agaywe kabusha ngabathengi, konke 100% kabusha futhi yakhelwe ukuthi ibonwe yizinzwa ze-infrared ekuhlungeni izitshalo. Izimvilophu namabhokisi avundile ekhaya ngoqalo kanye nengxube yephepha.
Ukudla kwe-IKEA. Izixazululo ze-Takeaway eziklanywe ngezinsiza ezincane, ukususa amapulasitiki asetshenziswa kanye kanye nokubeka phambili izinto zemvelo. umthombo ovuselelekayo nogaywa kabushaBakhombisa indima yokushayela yemikhiqizo emikhulu kanye nokuthobela kwabo umthetho waseYurophu.
Srisangdao Ilayisi. Ubunikazi obuthambile nge amafonti athambile nemibala kufakwe emaphaketheni ngokugxila imvelo kanye nesimanjeUkugcina ukungaguquguquki kobubanzi ngenkathi kuthathwa izinqumo ezinomthwalo wemfanelo kakhudlwana ezintweni zokwakha nezinqubo.
Ukupakishwa okuyindilinga: izimiso, amasu nezinselelo
Indlela eyindilinga ifuna ukupakisha okungukuthi sebenzisa kabusha noma sebenzisa kabusha ekupheleni kokusetshenziswa kwazo, ukunciphisa imfucuza nokwandisa inani lezinto. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhwebeni kwe-e-commerce, lapho umthamo wokuhanjiswa kwezinto uphindaphinda imithelela.
Izimiso ezibalulekile: Idizayinelwe ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwangempela/ukuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha, khetha ama-substrates ahambisana nokulawulwa kwendawo kadoti, futhi ugweme izinto ezisetshenziswayo. okunzima ukucubungula (njengamapulasitiki axubile). Yehlisa usayizi nesisindo ukuze unciphise ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni.
Izinto zokwakha ezintsha. Faka izinto ezigaywe kabusha, ezibolayo, noma ezivundisiwe lapho zengeza inani. Abathengi bayakwazisa ukuzibophezela namathuluzi asebenzayo. ecodesign (ngokwesibonelo, izixazululo zohlobo lwe-PackCD) zisiza ukwenza izinqumo zibe zimbi.
Amasu. Thuthukisa izinto ezigaywe kabusha futhi ukhulume ngazo ngokusobala; sebenzisa izinhlelo ze buyisela/sebenzisa kabushaUkusebenzisana nabahlinzeki, abaphathi, neziphathimandla; kanye nokulinganisa ukusebenza ukuze kuthuthukiswe. Konke lokhu kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, isithunzi, ngisho nokufinyelela ezimakethe ezintsha.
Izithiyo. Qinisekisa ukuvikelwa komkhiqizo ngenkathi unciphisa umthelela, futhi thola ukuzethemba Ukugwema izimangalo ezingenalutho. Ukucaca nokulandeleka kubalulekile ukuze umsebenzisi aqonde inzuzo yemvelo.
Izicelo ngomkhakha: ukudla, izimonyo, imfashini kanye ne-ecommerce
Ukudla. Umkhakha olawulwa kakhulu wokuphepha nenhlanzeko, odinga imigoqo yokulinganisa nokusetshenziswa kabusha. Amaketanga amakhulu amemezele okuhlosiwe okuhlosiwe (isb., ukupakisha) 100% kabusha (ngezinsuku okuhlosiwe), futhi inqubekelaphambili ibonakala njengokuthi amaringi angashintshwa yikhadibhodi eliqinisekisiwe noma izinto ezinamathelayo ezigaywa kabusha zamalebula.
Izimonyo. Ukushintshela kumafomula emvelo nangenalo unya kuhambisane neziqukathi ezigcwaliswa kabusha, amashubhu we i-aluminium Iyagoqeka futhi yenziwe ngamapulasitiki agaywe kabusha njenge-PET. Imikhiqizo yomhlaba wonke ihlola amasistimu okugcwalisa futhi abuyiselekayo, ngisho namakha aphambili.
Izindwangu nemfashini. Akukhona nje ngokuqeda izikhwama: imishini kanye nezinhlelo ze ukupakishwa okulungiselelwe (njengokubopha) nciphisa ipulasitiki nomoya emabhokisini. Ku-e-commerce, ukushintsha usayizi kanye nokupakishwa kwento eyodwa kusiza ukubuyisela okuthembekile.
Abahlinzeki kanye ne-automation. Izinkampani ezigxile ezinqubweni zokupakisha—njenge Liderpac- Basiza ukuzenzela, ukuhlanganisa izinto ezisimeme, futhi bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle. Imboni yokupakisha iyingqalabutho ku-automation, umshayeli obalulekile wokusheshisa uguquko.
Ukuphepha, inhlanzeko kanye nokusebenza: ibhalansi okungaxoxiswana ngayo
I-Ecodesign ayikwazi ukubeka engcupheni ubuqotho bomkhiqizo noma ukuphepha kwabathengi. Noma iyiphi indlela esimeme kumele igcine imisebenzi ebalulekile yokupakishwa kanye izindinganiso zokuphepha nenhlanzeko kudingwa yimithetho yemboni.
Le bhalansi phakathi kokusebenza nokusimama ibalulekile ezigabeni ezibucayi njengeziphuzo ezisebhokisini noma amanzi asemabhodleleni. ukupakisha amakhadibhodi ingasetshenziswa kabusha noma yenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo, lapho ubuqotho bokudla kanye nokusebenziseka kalula kufanele kuhambisane.
Ukuthobela imithetho nezitifiketi
Umthethonqubo waseYurophu usungula imibandela eyisisekelo mayelana nokubunjwa kanye i-valorization yokupakisha, ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kabusha nokugaywa kabusha. Ngezinjongo zokuvumelana okucatshangwayo, amazinga afana ne-UNE-EN 13427, 13428, 13429, 13430, 13431 kanye ne-13432 aqashelwa.
Izinsimbi ezinzima. Ingqikithi yokuhlangana komthofu, i-cadmium, i-mercury, ne-hexavalent chromium esitsheni akumele idlule 100 ppm ngesisindo, ngaphandle kwemibandela ethile yokulawula.
Ipulasitiki egaywe kabusha. Uma usebenzisa ipulasitiki engavundisi, kuhle ukufaka okuqukethwe okugaywe kabusha okuqinisekisiwe ngokuya UNE-EN 15343:2008 noma okulinganayo, okuqinisekisa ukulandeleka kanye nekhwalithi yezinto.
Amadokhumenti. Abakhiqizi nabangenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe kumele bagcine ubufakazi bokuthobela imithetho futhi babe namaphepha isilungele ukuqinisekiswa ngeziphathimandla ezinekhono: amashidi edatha yobuchwepheshe, izitifiketi, ukuhlaziywa komjikelezo wempilo, njll.
Ama-FAQ asheshayo mayelana nokusimama kwephakheji
Ingabe kuyasimama ukusebenzisa amaphakheji angavuseleleki? Kuya ngesimo. Ukuzinza kuwukulingana phakathi komthelela wokukhiqiza, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokuphela kwempilo. Into engavuseleleki, kodwa isebenziseka kabusha kakhulu futhi ihlala isikhathi eside Kungase kubonakale kungcono kunendlela "eluhlaza" ephethwe kabi.
Iyiphi iphakheji enomthelela omubi kakhulu? Labo be ukusetshenziswa okukodwa ezingagaywe kabusha futhi ezingaboli, ikakhulukazi amapulasitiki athile okunzima ukuwahlukanisa noma izinhlanganisela zezinto eziningi. Izixazululo ezingasebenziseka kabusha, ezigaywa kabusha ezinokuqukethwe okugaywe kabusha ngokuvamile zikhethwa.
Ukupakisha okungcono kakhulu yileso esifeza umsebenzi wakho ngomthelela omncane ongaba khona: lokho okufanelana nomkhiqizo, kusebenzisa izinto ezibalulekile kuphela, kugaywe kabusha noma kusetshenziswe kabusha ngaphandle komthungo, futhi kuthobela imithetho ngaphandle kokukhetha. Ukukhetha kahle—kusuka kumasu nokuklama kuye ezintweni zokwakha—kuyaphindaphinda izinzuzo: ukumosha okuncane, izindleko eziphansi, ukukhishwa okumbalwa kanye nokuzethemba okwengeziwe kwamakhasimende, ngezibonelo zangempela namathuluzi e-ecodesign abonisa ukuthi le ndlela, ngaphezu kokudingekile, inenzuzo futhi isivele iyaqhubeka.
