Imidwebo eyi-10 yakudala ezokukhathaza

Emhlabeni wezithombe, kube nezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwelapha ukwesaba, ukwesaba (okungafani) kanye nemibono emnyama kakhulu engalungiswa engqondweni yomuntu. Ukwesaba ukufa nemfihlakalo yokungaziwa sekuholele kubaculi bomlando wendawo yonke ukumela lezi zithombe ngokumsulwa ubuhlakani.

Kulokhu okuthunyelwe ngingathanda ukubuyela emuva ngesikhathi futhi ngibheke eminye yemisebenzi eqotho kunazo zonke emlandweni wokudweba. Ukwakhiwa ukuthi kumakwe ngaphambi nangemva kwalokho nokuthi abashiyanga muntu engenandaba.

UDante noVirgil esihogweni ukumelwa okufuna ukwazi. Okungabonakala njengesimo sobungqingili kithi empeleni kungumzabalazo onobudlova phakathi kwemiphefumulo emibili phambi kukadeveli uqobo. I-Hyperrealism ivelele ekwelapheni inani labalingiswa bakhe, ubukhulu nezakhiwo ze-anatomical. UWilliam-Adolphe Bouguereau udale lesi sithombe cishe ngo-1850.

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Lesi sithombe (indawo engihehe kakhulu) ingeyesicucu se-triptych esibizwa Insimu Yezinjabulo Zasemhlabeningu-El Bosco. Yize umsebenzi ophelele futhi umele izulu nomhlaba wasemhlabeni, kufanele kuthiwe isihogo esivezwa ngumdondoshiya u-Hieronymus Bosch sigula ngempela, sinodlame. Umlingiswa onekhanda lenyoni edla inyama ehleli ethoyilethi, futhi ephethe imbiza ekhanda lakhe, uyabonakala. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kungaba uSathane eshwabadela abalahliwe futhi ebenza indle emgodini lapho abanye abalingiswa behlanza ukungcola noma bakhiphe igolide, okugcina mhlawumbe njengokuqondiswa kokuhaha. Ngaphansi kwengubo kaSathane, owesifazane onqunu uphoqeleka ukuba azibuke esibukweni esixubile esibekwe ezinqeni zedemoni, ekhomba esonweni sokuziqhenya.

USaturn ushwabadela indodana Ngomunye wemidwebo yasenganekwaneni kaFrancisco de Goya. Umbhali usinikeza ubaba obukeka ejojowe uhlanya. Uthena isidumbu sendodana yakhe esekhulile egazini nasebusweni obumbozwe yisithunzi. Kube ngomunye wemisebenzi ebuzwa kakhulu. I-cannibalism ingaba yisibonakaliso sokwesaba nokufisa ukubhujiswa okuhlala kukhona ochungechungeni lwemidwebo emnyama.

I-Horror, Satanism kanye ne-eroticism kungaba amagama achaza kahle umbhali uJohann Heinrich Füssli, umdwebi waseSwitzerland owabeka umkhuba phakathi nekhulu le-XNUMX. Lo msebenzi unesihloko Iphupho elibi, futhi yagqugquzelwa Iphupho likaGiulio Romano likaHecuba. Intombi elele ivela endaweni yesehlakalo, iphethwe yi-incubus, uhlobo lwedimoni oluvela emaphusheni avusa inkanuko. Yize namhlanje kungeke kubangele ukwesaba ngokweqile, iqiniso ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi kubangele ukusabela okukhulu kakhulu kubabukeli. Ikakhulukazi ngenxa yobuso behhashi obubonakala ngemuva, becabanga ngale ndawo ngumoya oyisipoki.

Isihloko se UJudith unquma ikhanda likaHolofernes Yisinye seziqephu zeTestamente Elidala ebelimelwe kaningi emlandweni wobuciko, kodwa-ke, sivela esandleni sika-Artemisia Abehedsik lapho ithola khona amandla amakhulu nokuvezwa. Uqhawekazi waseBhayibhelini, kanye nencekukazi yakhe, baya ekamu lesitha, bayenga bese bequma uHolofernes, umphathi wesitha jikelele. Isenzo esinobudlova kunazo zonke sikhonjiswa emsebenzini futhi ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuvinjelwa noma lwethabhu. Ama-splatters egazi ayilokho okuvelele ukwelashwa okungokoqobo kwegazi lakhe.

Isicabucabu esimomothekayo Ngenye yalemidwebo evusa ukukhathazeka okuthile ngaphandle kokwazi ngempela ukuthi kungani. Ukubuka kwakhe okulahlekile kuyamangalisa, asazi ngempela ukuthi lobo buso bubukeka kuphi, siyazi nje ukuthi iyamamatheka ngendlela engaqondakali. Umbhali, u-Odilon Redon, ubonakale ngokubheka okulingana phakathi komzwelo obangelwe yisipiliyoni esenziwe ngento, esithombeni. Imisebenzi yakhe ibilokhu iqondiswe emiqondweni yokulumba nemfihlakalo. Ngalo mbhali, izimpawu ziba ithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu lokuxhumana nemoto ukudlula lokho okubhaliwe, kufinyelela ubukhulu bezinye izinto zomhlaba, ezingavamile futhi ezingaziwa kumuntu.

Umbhali walo msebenzi (Izingxenye zokwakheka komzimba), Théodore Géricault, uthole izinsalela zomuntu emakhazeni ngesicelo sokuthi akwazi ukuzipenda. Kungumdwebo onobuhle owenze umphakathi wanaka futhi waba nelukuluku, ngokunembile ngenxa yokwesaba ukufa uqobo. Njengoba sesaba ukuthi ngelinye ilanga umzimba wethu uzoba yinto yokubola nokuzikhohlwa, sizama ukungakhulumi ngendaba yokufa, yilapho iba yinto engadingeki. Asikwazi ukukhuluma ngakho, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kucishe kube njengesidingo.

Ukubulawa kwabantu abangenacala, ngumdwebo kaPeter Paul Rubens ovelele ngokuba nodlame ngokweqile kuze kube sezingeni lokulimaza imizwa yethu. Kulesi sithombe kuboniswa isimo esinyantisayo. Inqwaba yezingane zihlwithwa ezandleni zikanina ziphonswe phansi. Ukwelashwa kwe-anatomical nokwakhiwa kuyamangalisa futhi umgomo ungaphezu kokuzuzwa. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungazizwa ungenalusizo noma uvalo lapho ucabanga ngokwakhiwa.

Lo msebenzi ubize Amadoda amadala amabili adla isobhoFuthi ingeyochungechunge lwemidwebo emnyama nguFrancisco de Goya. Kuvele amadoda amabili amadala endaweni yesigameko, esingacacisanga kahle ukuthi ngabe ngabesilisa noma abesifazane. Le engakwesobunxele inesigqoko esimhlophe futhi ibonakala ingenawo amazinyo. Osekunene uyagodola: Unobuso obuyisidina ngokuphelele, amehlo akhe ayizigaxa ezimbili ezimnyama nokuthungwa kobuso bakhe kufana nokhakhayi ngokuphelele.

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Lezi yizitatimende zomculi wasenganekwaneni u-Edvard Munch, odabuka eNorway. Emsebenzini wakhe Ukumemeza Usinikeza isibalo se-androgynous (asikwazi ukusho ukuthi uyindoda noma owesifazane) futhi enesimo sokwesaba okujulile, ngisho nokuphelelwa ithemba esongelwe olwandle lwamathoni abandayo futhi afudumele, kubonakala sengathi kunezinxushunxushu ezinama-chromatic nokukhanya ukuzungeza konke.