Ingabe uyafuna ukwakha amakhasi ewebhu ngomklamo oqeqeshiwe, osabelayo futhi okhangayo? Ungathanda ukonga isikhathi nomzamo ku- ukuthuthukiswa kokuphela yamaphrojekthi akho? Ngakho udinga ukusebenzisa a Uhlaka lwe-CSS. Uhlaka lwe-CSS luyithuluzi elikunikeza isethi yemithetho echazwe ngaphambilini, izingxenye, nezinsiza zesitayela ongazisebenzisa kuzinto zakho. i-HTML. Ngohlaka lwe-CSS ungakha amakhasi ewebhu anesakhiwo esingaguquki nesithuthukisiwe, idizayini nokusebenza.
Kulesi sihloko, ngizochaza ukuthi yiziphi izinhlaka ze-CSS, zisebenza kanjani, nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo ezinazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngizokukhombisa okukhethiwe kwe amakhasi amahle kakhulu alokhu ongayithola emakethe, enezici zayo, izinzuzo kanye nokubi. Ulungile, usethe, qhubeka!
Ngokujula, lokho abayikho nalokho abayikho
CSS izinhlaka zingamathuluzi ukuthi lula umsebenzi wokuklama web ngokukunikeza isisekelo sekhodi ongasisebenzisa, usiguqule, futhi usinwebe ukuze sivumelane nezidingo zakho. Izinhlaka ze-CSS zakhiwe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- Igridi noma isistimu yegridi: Kuyisakhiwo esihlukanisa ikhasi lewebhu libe imigqa namakholomu akha amaseli lapho izinto zibekwe khona. uhlelo lwegridi ikuvumela ukuthi udale imiklamo esabelayo ezijwayela usayizi nokuma kwesikrini.
- Uumtapo wolwazi: Kuyiqoqo lezinto zokuklama esethiwe ezingasetshenziswa ngokuqondile noma zenziwe ngezifiso. Izingxenye zingaba izinkinobho, amamenyu, amafomu, amatafula, amakhadi, njll.
Ukuze usebenzise uhlaka lwe-CSS kufanele nje yilande noma uyixhume kuwebhusayithi yakho futhi ufake amakilasi noma izihlonzi ezihambisana nezinto ze-HTML ofuna ukuzenza isitayela. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-preprocessor efana ne-SASS noma i-LESS ukuze ulungise okuguquguqukayo kohlaka ukuze kuhambisane nokuthanda kwakho.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zezinhlaka ze-CSS?
Izinhlaka ze-CSS zinezinzuzo ezimbalwa ezizenza zibe usizo kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwewebhu. Ezinye zalezi zinzuzo yilezi:
- Zikongela isikhathi nomsebenzi ngokugwema ukubhala ikhodi ye-CSS kusukela ekuqaleni noma ukuyiphinda kuwo wonke amakhasi. Ngohlaka lwe-CSS kufanele nje ulusebenzise amakilasi noma izihlonzi inikezwe uhlaka futhi uyisebenzise kuzinto zakho ze-HTML. Ngakho-ke ungakha amakhasi ewebhu ngedizayini engaguquki futhi efanayo ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngemininingwane yobuchwepheshe.
- Baqinisekisa umklamo wochwepheshe, iyahambisana futhi iyahambisana namazinga ewebhu neziphequluli ezahlukene. Izinhlaka ze-CSS ziklanywe ngochwepheshe abalandela izinqubo ezihamba phambili namathrendi akamuva ekwakhiweni kwewebhu. Futhi, izinhlaka ze-CSS ziyahlolwa futhi zenziwa kahles ukusebenza ngendlela efanele kuziphequluli ezidume kakhulu nakumadivayisi ahlukene nezinqumo.
- Bakunikeza inhlobonhlobo yezinketho namathuba ngokukwazi ukukhetha phakathi kwezinhlaka ezahlukene kuye ngohlobo, ubukhulu kanye nobunkimbinkimbi bephrojekthi. zikhona Izinhlaka ze-CSS zakho konke okuthandayo nezidingo, kusukela kokulula nokulula kakhulu kuya kokuphelele nokunamandla. Ungakhetha uhlaka oluyifanele kangcono iphrojekthi yakho ngokusekelwe kwisitayela, ukusebenza, nokwenza ngendlela oyifisayo ofuna ukukufeza.
sokuqalisa
sokuqalisa ingenye yezinhlaka ezithandwa kakhulu nezisebenza ngezindlela eziningi emakethe. Yasungulwa yi-Twitter futhi yakhululwa emphakathini ngo-2011. Ngaphakathi kwayo ihlanganisa I-HTML, i-SASS neJavaScript ukuyihlinzeka ngemisebenzi ethokozisayo nezingxenye.
Ezinye zezinzuzo ze-Bootstrap yilezi:
- Kakhulu kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi ulungiselele.
- Ine- izinga elikhulu futhi ezihlukahlukene ukuklama nokusika.
- Ine- ukuhambisana okubanzi ngezinto ezahlukene kanye namafomethi.
- Ine- anhlobonhlobo ongakhetha kanye nemisebenzi ukwenza ngezifiso imiklamo yakho.
Okunye okungalungile kwe-Bootstrap yilezi:
- Idinga uxhumano lwe-inthanethi ukufinyelela isofthiwe nomtapo wolwazi.
- Isoftware ingahamba kancane noma engazinzile kwamanye amadivaysi.
- Izinto zoqobo zingabiza kancane.
thola
thola iwuhlaka lwesimanje futhi olungasindi olusekelwe ku-Flexbox. Yakhiwa ngo-2016 nguJeremy Thomas, unjiniyela waseFrance. Isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuthi faka i-CSS kuphela, ngaphandle kwe-JavaScript noma ukuncika kwangaphandle.
Ezinye zezinzuzo zikaBulma zifaka:
- Kuyashesha futhi kulula ukusebenzisa.
- Ine- umklamo ohlanzekile, minimalist nenhle.
- Ine- imibhalo emihle kanye nomphakathi.
- Ine- ukuhambisana okuhle ngeziphequluli ezahlukene kanye namadivayisi.
Ezinye zezinkinga ze-Bulma zifaka:
- Uye izingxenye ezimbalwa nokusebenzas kunezinye izinhlaka.
- Uye izifanekiso nezinsiza ezimbalwa etholakalayo kunezinye izinhlaka.
- Uye ukwenza ngokwezifiso okuncane nokuvumelana nezimo kunezinye izinhlaka.
I-Tailwind CSS
I-Tailwind CSS kuwuhlaka olusha nolwenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo olususelwe kumakilasi awusizo. Yakhiwe ngo-2017 ngu-Adam Wathan, umthuthukisi waseCanada. Isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuthi ikuvumela zenzele ezakho izingxenye nezitayela ngaphandle kokuthi ubhale ngaphezulu ezimisiwe.
Ezinye zezinzuzo ze-Tailwind CSS yilezi:
- Inamandla kakhulu futhi iyavumelana nezimo ukwakha imiklamo eyingqayizivele neyokuqala.
- Inesistimu yegridi kanye nesikhala esiqondakalayo nesisebenza kahle.
- Ine- ukuhlanganiswa okuhle namathuluzi njenge-SASS, i-PostCSS noma i-PurgeCSS.
- Ine- imibhalo emihle kanye nomphakathi.
Okunye okungalungile kwe-Tailwind CSS yilezi:
- Ine- ijika lemfundo ephakeme kunabanye besitayela sakhe.
- Ine- isikhathi eside, ikhodi ephindaphindayo kunezinye izinhlaka.
- Ine- ukuhambisana okulinganiselwe ngeziphequluli ezithile ezindala.
Dizayina ngezinto ezinhle kuphela
Kulesi sihloko ngikuchazele ukuthi yiziphi CSS izinhlaka, basebenza kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo abanazo. Ngiphinde ngikubonise inketho engcono kakhulu ongayisebenzisela amaphrojekthi akho ewebhu: I-Bootstrap, i-Bulma ne-Tailwind CSS. Lezi zinhlaka zikuvumela ukuthi udale amakhasi ewebhu anomklamo ochwepheshile, ophendulayo futhi okhangayo.
Sithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sibe usizo kuwe futhi uyakhuthazwa ukuthi uzame izinhlaka ze-CSS zamaphrojekthi akho ewebhu. Siyaqiniseka ukuthi uzozuza imiphumela yobungcweti ezokwanelisa izethameli zakho namakhasi akho Iwebhu. Izinhlaka ze-CSS zingamathuluzi ahlukahlukene futhi ajabulisayo akuvumela ukuthi wenze amanye amaphrojekthi amaningi afana ihluzo, infographics, amalogo, njll. Manje osekusele nje ukuthatha uju futhi uqale ukuklama. Asambe!