Kuzo UJanuwari 1 we-2026Indawo yonke yamasiko athandwayo inezela izengezo ezimbili eziphezulu kukhathalogi yemisebenzi engasetshenziswa kabusha: izinguqulo zokuqala ze UBetty Boop noBlondie Ziba yingxenye yesizinda somphakathi e-United States ngemva kwesikhathi esiphezulu se- Iminyaka engama-95 yokuvikelwa kwe-copyrightLokhu kukhishwa akugcini nje ngokuthinta imakethe yaseNyakatho Melika; futhi kuvula ithuba labadali, abashicileli, kanye nezinkampani zokukhiqiza eYurophu abafuna ukusebenza nalaba balingisi abadumile ngaphandle kokuxoxisana ngamalayisense e-copyright.
Iqembu elisha lemisebenzi ekhishwe lingase lingakhiqizi izinga elifanayo lezindaba zabezindaba njengoba kwakunjalo osukwini lwabo. Igundane likaMickey noma uWinnie the PoohKodwa-ke, ochwepheshe bempahla yengqondo abahlukahlukene bayavuma ukuthi u-2026 uphinde waba unyaka ofanele kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi Usuku Lwesizinda SomphakathiAmazwi afana nakaJennifer Jenkins, umqondisi we-Center for the Study of the Public Domain eDuke University, agcizelela ukuthi isihluthulelo sisekujwayelaneni okukhulu kwalezi zimpawu nokuthi zimelelani maqondana nokusetshenziswa kabusha kokudala, kokubili e-United States nasemhlabeni wonke.
Yini ngempela engena emphakathini ngo-2026?
Okuba mahhala ukusetshenziswa akusikho umlingiswa kukho konke ukuvela kwawo komlando, kodwa ukubonakala kokuqala kuka-1930. Endabeni ye Betty BoopLena ifilimu yakhe yokuqala egqoke ama-short animated afana nalawa "Izitsha Ezinesiyezi"Lawa mafilimu agqwayizayo, akhiqizwe yiFleischer Studios futhi asakazwa yiParamount Pictures, manje aseneminyaka engu-95 ubudala futhi awasavikelwe yi-copyright, okusho ukuthi noma ubani angawafaka esikrinini, aguqule, ahlanganise kabusha, noma awafake emisebenzini emisha.
cunt UBlondie Kwenzeka okufanayo: umsebenzi okhishwayo yilowo Umdwebo wamahlaya wokuqala odwetshwe nguChic Youngokwashicilelwa okokuqala ngo-1930. Lokho kwaziswa kokuqala okunyathelisiwe, lapho esavezwa khona njengo UBlondie BoopadoopIhlala itholakala ekukhishweni kabusha, ezingxoxweni eziningi, ekulungisweni nasekuhunyushweni kabusha, uma nje imikhawulo yophawu lwentengiso olusasebenza maqondana negama noma ama-logo athile ezindaweni ezahlukene ihlonishwa.
Kanye nalezi zibalo, eminye imisebenzi eyaziwayo yesikhathi esifanayo nayo ingena emphakathini ngomhlaka-1 Januwari: amabhulukwe amafushane ayisishiyagalolunye amasha e-Mickey Mouse (ngemuva kwe-"Steamboat Willie"), ukubonakala kokuqala kwenja yakhe Pluto (esabizwa ngokuthi iRover ngo-1930), amafilimu ahlukahlukene omsindo kusukela ngasekupheleni kwawo-1920 nasekuqaleni kwawo-1930, kanye namanoveli nezingoma ezivelele ezivela ku-Great American Songbook. Nakuba ukugxila okudumile ku-Betty no-Blondie, ochwepheshe bakhuluma "ngesivuno" esicebile kakhulu sezazi-mlando, abathandi bamafilimu, kanye nabashicileli.
Ngokusho kukaJenkins nethimba lakhe, isethi yemisebenzi ezokhishwa kulo nyaka ibonisa isikhathi esiphawulwe ukungazinzi phakathi kwezimpi kanye nokuwohloka okukhulu kwezomnothoNokho, ngokwesiko, yisikhathi sobuciko obukhulu bokudala, into engahlolwa futhi isetshenziswe kabusha manje ngenkululeko enkulu kumaphrojekthi anamuhla, nawo avela eYurophu.
UBetty Boop: Kusukela enja eyisidlakela kuya esithonjana somhlaba wonke
EYurophu, i- isithombe sikaBetty Boop Ihlotshaniswa kakhulu nama-T-shirt, ama-mug, nezinto zezipho kangangokuthi abaningi bangase bacabange ukuthi yayinjalo njalo. Kodwa-ke, kumafilimu akhe amafushane okuqala kusukela ngawo-1930, umlingiswa oyinhloko wayesalokhu engumuntu odumile. isithombe esihlanganisiwe esinezici zenjaWayenezindlebe ezigoqekayo, ikhala elincane elimnyama, kanye nomzimba ofana nowe-Jazz Age. Ukubukeka kwakhe kwakuzoshintsha ngokushesha abe yintokazi enezinwele ezigoqekile enezinkophe ezinkulu kanye nengubo eqinile umhlaba wonke owawuzoyazi.
Emdlalweni wakhe wokuqala ku "Izitsha Ezinesiyezi"Kwenye yamafilimu amafushane amane angena emphakathini kulo nyaka, lo mlingiswa akaveli ngisho negama lakhe eliqondile futhi udlala njengomlingiswa wesibili endabeni egxile enjeni enesidalwa somuntu. BimboNoma kunjalo, ukuba khona kwakhe sekuvele kuyamangalisa: ucula ingoma kanye nomdanso omfushane egqoke ingubo encane emnyama ngenkathi ehlabelela isici sakhe sobuntu. "ama-boops" kanye "nama-doops", okwakuzoba uphawu lwenkampani kamuva.
Umlingiswa kaBetty wadalwa ku- I-fleischer Studios futhi yakhululwa ezinkundleni zemidlalo yeshashalazi ngu Liza IsithombeIngxenye yobuntu bakhe yaphefumulelwa ngumculi waseMelika UHelen KaneUKane, odumile ngawo-1920 ngengoma ethi "Boop-Oop-a-Doop." UKane ngokwakhe wafaka icala esola ukuthi lo mlingiswa ukopishe isitayela sakhe kanye nendlela abukeka ngayo, kodwa izinkantolo ekugcineni zakhipha isinqumo esivuna ama-studio, ngenxa yokuthi kwavezwa ukuthi abanye abaculi, njengomculi wase-Afrika waseMelika, nabo badale lo mlingiswa. U-Esther Lee JonesBase bevele besebenzise ukujika okufanayo esiteji.
Njengoba ilungelo lokushicilela kula mafilimu amafushane okuqala seliphelelwe yisikhathi, Abadali baseYurophu bazokwazi ukusebenzisa le nguqulo yokuqala kaBetty Boop emisebenzini emisha yokubuka nokuzwa.Imihlangano, ama-collage, nazo zonke izinhlobo zamaphrojekthi obuciko kungadalwa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokucela imvume kubanikazi bamalungelo okushicilela bokuqala. Okungakhishwa, futhi kubalulekile ukugcizelela lokhu, yi- uphawu lokuhweba olubhalisiwe Ngokuphathelene nomlingiswa: igama elithi "Betty Boop" kanye nezinguqulo ezithile zesimanje zesithombe sakhe zisavikelwe njengezimpawu zokuhweba, into evame ukugcizelelwa ngokucacile ezimweni ezifanayo, njengaleyo kaMickey Mouse uqobo.
Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi eSpain noma kwamanye amazwe e-EU kuzokwenzeka bonisa ngokukhululekile la mafilimu amafushane kusukela ngo-1930Shicilela amaqoqo, uwafake imibhalo engezansi, uwafake imibala, noma uwahlanganise nama-documentary namaphrojekthi ezemfundo. Kunalokho, qala ukuthengiswa kwezentengiselwano okukhulu Ngobuso bayo bamanje noma ilogo esemthethweni, ihlala ingaphansi kwemithethonqubo yophawu lwentengiso kanye nezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe zamanje.
UBlondie Boopadoop: kusukela ku-comic strip flapper kuya ku-domestic comedy
Elinye igama elikhulu lesizukulwane sango-1930 lithi UBlondie, ozalelwe emakhasini ezindaba njengoba UBlondie BoopadoopNjengoBetty, ekuqaleni wayevezwa njengomfana othanda ukudlala ibhola okhululekile, ohambisana kakhulu nomoya wasekupheleni kwawo-1920, ngaphambi kokushintshela esithombeni esigxile kakhulu. umndeni kanye nempilo yansuku zonkeLokho kuguqulwa kungaba yisihluthulelo sokuthi lo mdlalo uzihlanganise njengomunye wamahlaya ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu ekhulwini lama-20.
EYurophu, lo mlingiswa waziwa kakhulu nge- ukuzivumelanisa nefilimu nomsakazo Lawa mahlaya, aqala ukuvela ngawo-1930, nawo azuze esikweni eside semicu yephephandaba ehlanganisiwe. Amahlaya okuqala, asengena emphakathini manje, agxile ebuhlotsheni bukaBlondie nesoka lakhe. I-Dagwood Bumstead, insizwa ecebile evela emndenini ocebile. Ngo-1933, laba bobabili bashada eqoqweni lamahlaya uqobo, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, uchungechunge lwaluzoqhubeka nochungechunge lwamahlaya asekhaya noDagwood njengomdlali oyinhloko wamahlaya.
Isimo esisha sezomthetho sivumela abashicileli, iminyuziyamu yezincwadi zamahlaya kanye nomagazini bamasiko abavela eSpain nakwamanye amazwe azungezile ukuthi buyisa amapuleti okuqala ngaphandle kokukhokha imali yemisebenzi kusukela ngo-1930. Lokhu kuvula umnyango wokukhishwa kabusha okubucayi, izinhlelo zabaqoqi, izincwadi zedijithali zamahhala noma ngisho nokuchazwa kabusha kwezithombe okuhambisana nezinto zokuqala, uma nje imithombo ikhonjisiwe futhi izimpawu zokuhweba ezisasebenza zihlonishwa.
Ensimini ye-audiovisual, indlela kaBlondie yabangela uchungechunge lwamafilimu nezinhlelo zomsakazo okwaqinisa ukuba khona kwayo emcabangweni odumile waseMelika. Nakuba kungezona zonke lezo zinto ezisemphakathini, iqiniso lokuthi izinto zokuqala zomthombo zizongena emphakathini lizoba yisisusa sezinguqulo ezintsha, ukulungiswa kwemidlalo yaseshashalazini, noma amafomethi ahlanganisiwe angavela kokubili ezimakethe zaseNyakatho Melika naseYurophu.
Umthelela kubadali, abashicileli kanye nezinkampani zokukhiqiza eSpain naseYurophu
Ukungena kwe UBetty Boop noBlondie Emphakathini, ilawulwa, okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu, ngumthetho we- United StatesKodwa imiphumela yayo izwakala kude kakhulu nemingcele yayo. E-European Union, okuhlanganisa neSpain, igama elijwayelekile le-copyright lithi Eminyakeni engama-70 ngemva kokushona kombhaliNgakho-ke, isimo sezomthetho asifani ngaso sonke isikhathi. Noma kunjalo, ukuphelelwa yisikhathi kwelungelo lobunikazi emisebenzini ethile kusukela ngo-1930 ezweni labo lokuvela kwenza kube lula kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwabo ngaphesheya kwemingcele futhi kunciphisa ingozi yezingxabano lapho kusatshalaliswa okuqukethwe okusekelwe kukho.
Kulabo abasebenza emkhakheni wezamasiko waseYurophu, ushintsho lusho ukuthi, empeleni, izithiyo ezimbalwa zokuhlela, ukuphrojektha kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo Lolu hlobo lwezinto. Isibonelo, umsabalalisi waseSpain angahlela uchungechunge lwamafilimu akudala enguqulweni yakhe yokuqala equkethe ama-shorts okuqala kaBetty Boop, noma ahlele imikhiqizo emisha yamadokhumenti mayelana ne-animation yama-1930 ngokuhlanganisa iziqephu eziphelele ezivela kulawo ma-shorts ngaphandle kokukhokha imali eyengeziwe ye-copyright e-United States.
Ezweni lokushicilela, ukukhanga kusekutheni kungenzeka imicu yamahlaya yokusindisa uBlondie Boopadoop Ekuqaleni kwayo, lokhu kungabandakanya ukuqhuba izifundo zemfundo ezinezithombe noma ukushicilela izinhlelo ezifana ne-facsimile ezibonisa ukuvela komsebenzi okunezithombe nezindikimba. Konke lokhu kungenziwa ngokuqiniseka okukhulu kwezomthetho mayelana nengxenye yamalungelo aseNyakatho Melika, uma nje isimo sababhali eYurophu siqinisekiswa futhi isikhathi sendawo sokuvikelwa kokuziphatha nezomnotho sicatshangelwa.
Izitudiyo zezithombe zopopayi, abadwebi bezithombe, abaklami, kanye nabadali bokuqukethwe kwezokuxhumana nabo bangazuza kulesi simo esisha. Amathuba okuthi phinda usebenze inja uBetty Boop Ukusebenzisa i-Blondie yasekuqaleni njengomthombo wamafilimu amafushane okuhlola, izithombe ezizimele, amavidiyo omculo, noma izingcezu zobuciko bedijithali kuyathakazelisa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi lapho ukuhlanganiswa kwamasiko kanye nokwabiwa kokudala kukhona kakhulu kwi-inthanethi.
Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe basikhumbuza ukuthi kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi ukukhishwa kwe-copyright yemisebenzi yokuqala kanye nokuba semthethweni kwe izimpawu zokuhweba kanye nezinguqulo zakamuvaEmpeleni, umdali waseYurophu unendawo eyanele yokuthola ugqozi kulezo zibhulukwe ezimfushane nezimfushane zakuqala, kodwa kumele agweme ukubangela ukudideka kwezentengiselwano ngemikhiqizo yamanje enelayisensi noma ukusebenzisa amagama nama-logo lapho abalingiswa bathengiswa khona namuhla.
Isahluko esisha soSuku Lomphakathi
Kusukela ngo-2019, umhla lu-1 kuJanuwari ubelokhu ukhona emkhakheni wempahla yobuhlakani njengohlobo "lonyaka omusha wamasiko", kanye amagagasi aminyaka yonke emisebenzi elahlekelwa ukuvikelwa kwelungelo lokushicilela Ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka yokwandiswa kwezomthetho, ukufakwa kukaBetty Boop, uBlondie, kanye nenkampani kuyingxenye yale nqubo, eqeda isikhathi eside lapho ama-classic amakhulu ayengakhishwa khona ngenxa yezinguquko zomthetho eziqhutshwa yimboni yezokuzijabulisa uqobo.
UJennifer Jenkins, omunye wamazwi acashunwe kakhulu kulo mkhakha, uchaza isivuno sika-2026 ngokuthi okuthakazelisa kakhulu ngenxa yokujwayelana kwezihlokoNakuba amagama afana noMickey noma uWinnie the Pooh eba yizihloko zezindaba lapho kufika ithuba lawo, abalingiswa abafana noBetty Boop noma uBlondie bebelokhu bekhona emcabangweni we-audiovisual kanye ne-graphic amashumi eminyaka, futhi ukukhishwa kwawo kunikeza inkundla ebanzi kakhulu yokudlala yezazi-mlando zamahlaya, abahleli bamafilimu, amapulatifomu evidiyo kanye neminyuziyamu.
Uhlu lwemisebenzi engena emphakathini kulo nyaka alugcini nje ngezithombe ezinyakazayo kanye nezithombe zamaphephandaba. Kanye namafilimu amafushane amasha ka- Igundane likaMickey noPlutoAmafilimu okubhekisela kuwo afana nalawa "Ama-Animal Crackers" abhalwe yiMarx Brothers, i-classic yaseJalimane "Ingelosi Eluhlaza Okwesibhakabhaka" nguJosef von Sternberg noMarlene Dietrich, umculo "Inkosi yeJazz" ngokubonakala kokuqala kwesikrini kukaBing Crosby, noma amafilimu awine i-Oscar afana "Konke kuthule ngaphambili" y "Endle".
Ezincwadini, izihloko zokuqala ze- Nancy Drew, omunye wabaseshi abasebasha abadumile kakhulu, inoveli yokuqala ephelele ka USam ok ku-"The Maltese Falcon" kanye necala lokuqala lika- Miss Marple ku-"Murder at the Vicarage." Imisebenzi efana nekaWilliam Faulkner ethi "As I Lay Dying" kanye nezincwadi zesikole eziqukethe [abalingiswa] nayo iyakhishwa. UDick noJane, okwakuphawula izizukulwane zabafundi futhi kwadlalwa ngezeminyaka eminingi.
Isici somculo sihlaba umxhwele ngokufanayo. Izingoma zakudala ezivela ku- Incwadi Yezingoma Enkulu YaseMelika njengethi "Embraceable You", "I've Got a Crush on You", "But Not for Me" kanye nethi "I Got Rhythm", esayinwe nguGeorge no-Ira Gershwin, kanye nezingoma ezifana nethi "Georgia engqondweni yami" noma i-"Dream a Little Dream of Me", iyatholakala futhi kubaculi, abashicileli kanye nabakhiqizi emhlabeni wonke ukuthi bayisebenzise ngaphandle kokukhokha imali ye-copyright yalezo zingoma ezithile, yize ukuqoshwa kokuqala kulandela uhlelo oluhlukile lwezomthetho.
Lonke lolu shintsho luqinisa umqondo wokuthi indawo yomphakathi akuyona into engavamile ngokomthetho, kodwa isigaba semvelo somjikelezo wokuphila kwemisebenzi yamasikoKuhlelo lokudala lwaseYurophu, limelela ithuba lokuthola kabusha izinto ezinenani elikhulu lomlando futhi lizinike izincazelo ezintsha kusukela esikhathini samanje: kusukela emaqoqweni amafilimu akudala atholakala emphakathini jikelele kuya kumanoveli anezithombe aphinda abuke ama-flappers aseminyakeni yawo-1930 ngokubuka kwesimanje.
Ngokungezwa kwe- UBetty Boop noBlondie Imisebenzi yomphakathi iveza isimo esithakazelisayo kakhulu emkhakheni wezamasiko, imfundo, kanye nokudalwa okuzimele eSpain nakulo lonke elaseYurophu: izinguqulo zokuqala zalaba balingisi, ezazalwa phakathi nokuqhuma kokudala kuka-1930, ziyatholakala kumaphrojekthi amasha, izifundo, kanye nokuchazwa kabusha, uma nje izimpawu zokuhweba kanye nemithetho yendawo kuhlonishwa, okwenza u-2026 ube unyaka obalulekile wokuqhubeka nokwandisa ifa lamasiko elihlanganyelwe.
