Imibala iyingxenye engenakugwemeka yomhlaba wethu. Konke esikuthintayo, esikubonayo noma esizizwa ngakho kunombala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sifunde ukungeza imibala ezithombeni ngesikhathi sesikole samabanga aphezulu sisebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemibala. Imibala eyinhloko - ngaphambili eyayaziwa njengemibala yasendulo - iyiphethini eyenziwe yaba nhle, ngokususelwa ekuphenduleni kokuphilayo kwamaseli e-receptor esweni lomuntu lapho kutholakala amaza athile wokukhanya nokuphazamiseka kwawo.
Unalokhu engqondweni, umbuzo uhlala njalo uyini umbala oyinhloko? Yiziphi ezakha? Ingabe kukhona inhlanganisela yemibala eyinhloko? Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezikole zamabanga aphansi? Siwuthola kanjani umbala onsundu? Sizophendula leyo mibuzo kumhlahlandlela ocacile ukuze ungabe usabheka phambili. Ukungeza konke lokhu kungabaza endabeni efanayo
Ukuze ungakhohlwa, khumbula ukuba nale ndatshana kumabhukhimakhi akho, ukuze ukhumbule konke ngasikhathi sinye.
Yimiphi imibala eyinhloko?
Noma yimuphi usosayensi wekhompyutha, umklami, i-illuminator uzokutshela ukuthi i-RGB noma i-CMYK futhi zombili zibhekwa njengezivumelekile. Kepha abavumelani ngendlela esiyibuka ngayo.
Umbala oyinhloko, owawaziwa ngokuthi i- eyasendulo ingenye engatholakali ngokuxuba eminye imibala. Lokhu kuvela endleleni esibona ngayo ngamehlo. Futhi yingakho ukukhanya nokufaka imibala kuhlukile. Ngakho-ke kunokungabaza okuningi ngakho. Eqinisweni, ngaphambi kokwazi la mathuba amabili ahlukaniswe yimikhakha akhonjiswa kuyo, i-RYB (Ebomvu, ephuzi noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) yayaziwa-Yebo, njengasesithombeni esikhulu. Sasingaphazami.
Kwakuwumbono wokuqala wombala oyinhloko, emuva ngekhulu le-XNUMX futhi owavumela iCMYK yamanje. Futhi yathathelwa indawo yizinto zokwenziwa nokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe ngokusebenzisa ikhompyutha. Yingakho manje kungabhekwa njengokomndeni wemibala eyinhloko.
Imibala eyinhloko ekukhanyeni yi-RGB (Okubomvu, okuluhlaza okotshani nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) futhi imibala eyinhloko ye-pigmentation yi-CMYK (UCyan, Magenta, Ophuzi nomnyama)
Ukuhlanganiswa kombala okuyinhloko
Ngokwe-pigmentation singasho ukuthi imibala eyinhloko yi-CMYK, okuhunyushwe ngokuthi kuzoba yiCyan, Magenta, Yellow no Black. Ukuxuba le mibala kuholela kule mibala yesibili elandelayo:
- Magenta + ophuzi = Okusawolintshi
- U-cyan + ophuzi = Okuluhlaza
- I-cyan + magenta = Violet
- U-Cyan + Magenta + Ophuzi = Mnyama
Ngokuqondene nemibala eyinhloko eboniswa ukukhanya, singanikeza isichazamazwi i-RGB okuhunyushiwe kuzoba yiRed, Green kanye neBlue. Bangangena enhlanganisweni yemibala elandelayo yemibala yesibili:
- Luhlaza + oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka = Ukhozi
- Okubomvu + okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka =Magenta
- Okubomvu + okuluhlaza okotshani = Ophuzi
- Olubomvu + oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka + oluhlaza okotshani = Mhlophe
Siyakwazi ukubona, umehluko wenyunyana yemibala emithathu eyinhloko ye-CMYK nge-RGB ukuthi enye igcina ngombala omnyama kanti enye igcina ngokumhlophe. Into ehlekisayo ukuthi ngokusho kwamamodeli amabili alungile, zombili izikimu zombala zinokuxhumana okucacile: imibala yesibili yemodeli ye-RGB iyimibala eyinhloko ye-CMYK, futhi ngokufanayo.
Okungenani ngombono, ngoba ngokwenza lokhu akukwazi ukubhekwa njengokoqobo. Ngenxa yokwakheka komzimba womuntu okwakha imibala ehlukile futhi akuyona ikhwalithi yokukhanya. Ngamafuphi, umbala awukho ngenxa yawo, kungcono siwubone thina.
Isondo lemibala eyinhloko
Obeye aziwe njengo Umbuthano weChromatic kuyindlela yokumela imibala ngokulandelana ngobuningi bayo. Lokho wukuthi, ukubeka imibala eyinhloko eceleni bese uyixuba kubanga imibala ehlukene (imibala yesibili neyaphezulu). Lokhu kulula ukukuchaza namuhla. Ngoba noma yimuphi umsebenzisi unohlelo lokuhlela isithombe kukhompyutha yakhe. Sikhuluma nge-Photoshop kepha kungaba enye.
Ngokuchofoza iphalethi yombala, siyabona ukuthi lo mbuthano we-chromatic wenzeka kanjani. Phambilini bekuyinto eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuyibona, uNewton waklama ukuba khona kwemibala eyinhloko neyesibili kanti uGoethe wasungula isondo lemibala lokuqala ngo-1810. Leli sondo seliguqulwe lahlukahluka kakhulu, lize liyeke ukuba yisiyingi ngokuphelele bese liba ngamadodagama. UCharles Blanc wazidala ngo-1867 futhi zingabukwa ngokuhluke kakhulu.
Ungenza kanjani nsundu ngemibala eyinhloko
Lokhu kuhlale kungumsebenzi onzima kubo bonke labo abaqala ukudweba. Ngiyaphinda ngiyasho ukuthi kulula ukuthola ikhodi ye-Hex noma ye-RGB ku-google bese uyibhala ku-Photoshop. Kepha lokhu akulula kangako ekuxubeni kwemvelo kwemibala futhi uthole le tonality.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi onsundu akuyona umbala, ngoba akuyona ingxenye yesibani sokukhanya. Kuyinhlanganisela yemibala, engatholakala ngezindlela ezihlukile. Kungakho-ke kufanele ucabangele ukuthi yiliphi ithoni onsundu ofuna ukulithola, ngoba kuya ngalelo thoni kufanele ulandele enye indlela noma enye.
I-RYB ivela futhi
Kungakho ngaphambi kokuthi sikhulume ngale nhlanganisela yemibala eyinhloko. Yize namuhla kubonakala kungasasebenzi, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi inamakhono anjani. Kulokhu, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuphuzi nokubomvu ngezingxenye ezilinganayo kanye nokuthinta okumhlophe. Le ngxube izokunikeza umphumela onsundu. Khumbula ukuthi uma kungewona umthunzi oqondile owufunayo, unga hlanganisa okuphuzi ukuze kuphume umthunzi okhanyayo, bese kuthi lapho kuvela obomvu noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kube mnyama kakhulu.
Okuwolintshi nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Umbala we-orange, njengoba sichazile ngaphambili, akuwona umbala oyinhloko. Akukho kokungenzeka kwayo (i-CMYK, i-RYB, i-RGB). Kungakho sizoyithola kuqala ngokulandelayo:
Sisebenzisa obomvu - obomvu impela - no-10% ophuzi ukuthola i-orange oyifunayo. Sizowuhlanganisa lo mbala, manje yebo, no-5% oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Esizothola u-chocolate onsundu wendabuko. Uma uludinga lube mnyama, khuphula iphesenti lokuluhlaza nokukhanyayo, amaphesenti amaningi e-orenji. Kuya ngesidingo.
Ekugcineni kuthole ngoGreen noBomvu
Lo nsundu uzoba bomvu ngokwengeziwe, njengakuqala nge-orange, umbala oluhlaza awuyona eyinhloko nawo. Hlanganisa izingxenye ezilinganayo eziphuzi neziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuze uzithole. Uma ingxube isiqediwe, engeza okubomvu kancane kancane. Ngakho-ke uzobona ukuvela kombala kuya kokusobala ku-tonality oyifunayo. Qaphela ngokweqa ngokweqile, hleze weqe ubukhulu obufunayo. Ukubuyela emuva, engeza okuluhlaza okotshani, kepha mhlawumbe lokhu akuhambelani kahle.